As a potent tripeptide derived from the hormone alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), KPV stands out for its remarkable anti-inflammatory support potential. This peptide, consisting of lysine, proline, and valine, has shown significant promise in modulating the body's inflammatory responses, making it a subject of great interest in medical research.

In the realm of bioactive peptides, KPV has become a focal point for researchers due to its diverse supportive health benefits. Its anti-inflammatory supportive properties are particularly noteworthy in the context of chronic inflammatory conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), arthritis, and various skin disorders. Studies have demonstrated that KPV can support inflammation by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and modulating immune cell activity. Moreover, KPV is also recognized as a natural antimicrobial peptide. It has been shown to possess antimicrobial supportive properties against a variety of pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses.

Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an 18-carbon long- chain fatty acid. Nobel Prize winner Levi-Montalcini identified PEA as a naturally occurring molecule, describing its value in treating chronic infections and pain. Following her discovery, hundreds of scientific studies have been published to show that it is very effective and safe to use. PEA is thought to work by supporting the inflammatory response through the PPAR-a receptor, COX-2 and through effects on NF-kappaB signaling while also by restoring balance in the endocannabinoid system. Its mechanism of action is similar to that of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is the body’s go-to- molecule and is made on demand when required under disease conditions.  This naturally occurs to help resolve inflammation and pain to restore the body to a normal, health state. Due to its ubiquitous nature and presence in all cells, PEA has wide-ranging therapeutic applications. Some of the most common clinical applications are analgesic effects, chronic pain, and inflammation support.

PEA has anti-inflammatory effects on the body by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and by reducing the activity of activated microglia cells. It is also thought to reduce pain by modulating the neurotransmitters involved in pain signaling. In addition to its analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, PEA is also thought to offer neuroprotection by reducing the levels of reactive oxygen species and by modulating cell death pathways. It has also been shown to improve cognitive function in animal models of Alzheimer's disease.

The endocannabinoid system is involved in a wide range of physiological processes, including digestion. The role of the endocannabinoid system in the gut has been studied extensively and it is now well-established that cannabinoids modulate gastrointestinal motility, secretion and inflammation. PEA is one of the most abundant endocannabinoids in the gut and is thought to play a key role in gut-brain axis. The endocannabinoid system is known to be involved in various digestive disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Several studies have shown that PEA is effective in reducing symptoms of IBS, such as abdominal pain and bloating. A recent clinical trial showed that a PEA-based product was able to significantly reduce IBS symptoms in patients who did not respond to standard therapy. PEA has also been shown to be effective in supporting other digestive disorders such as GERD and IBD. In a clinical trial, PEA was able to significantly reduce symptoms of GERD, such as heartburn and acid reflux.

The synergy of BPC, KPV and PEA,  offers a comprehensive approach often used to support inflammation, gut health, and conditions such as Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). PEA's documented anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and neuroprotective effects make it a versatile ingredient with broad therapeutic applications.

Salcaprozate sodium, or SNAC, is one of the most advanced intestinal permeation enhancers that have been tested in clinical trials for oral delivery of macromolecules. It was originally designed for the oral delivery of insulin. In one study, SNAC increased the absorption of a peptide (a short chain of amino acids) by nine-fold without affecting tight junctions.